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Regular exercise is one of the most important - and often overlooked - parts of keeping pets healthy and happy. Just like people, pets need physical activity to maintain a healthy weight, support joint and heart health, reduce stress, and prevent behavior problems. But how much exercise is enough? The answer depends on your pet’s species, age, breed, health, and personality.

Below is a practical guide to help you understand how often your pet needs to exercise and how to tailor activity to their individual needs.

Why Exercise Matters for Pets

Consistent exercise helps pets:

• Maintain a healthy weight and prevent obesity-related conditions

• Support heart, lung, and joint health

• Reduce anxiety, boredom, and destructive behaviors

• Improve mental stimulation and overall quality of life

Lack of exercise can contribute to weight gain, arthritis discomfort, diabetes, and behavioral issues such as excessive barking, chewing, or restlessness.

How Much Exercise Do Dogs Need?

Most dogs benefit from daily exercise, but the amount varies widely.

General guidelines:

• High-energy breeds (e.g., working or sporting dogs): 1–2 hours per day

• Moderate-energy breeds: 45–60 minutes per day

• Low-energy or toy breeds: 20–30 minutes per day

Exercise can include walks, playtime, training sessions, running, hiking, or interactive games like fetch. Mental stimulation - such as puzzle toys or obedience training - also counts and is especially important for intelligent or working breeds.

Puppies need frequent, short bursts of activity rather than long sessions, while senior dogs may need gentler, low-impact exercise like short walks or swimming.

How Much Exercise Do Cats Need?

Cats may not go on walks, but they still need daily activity to stay healthy.

• Aim for two to three short play sessions per day, each lasting 5–15 minutes

• Use toys that encourage natural hunting behaviors, such as wand toys, laser pointers (used safely), or treat puzzles

Indoor cats especially rely on structured play to prevent weight gain and boredom. Older cats may be less active but still benefit from gentle play and enrichment.

Exercise Needs for Other Pets

Small mammals (rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters):

• Daily supervised time outside their enclosure

• Space to run, explore, and forage safely

Birds:

• Daily time outside the cage in a safe, enclosed area

• Opportunities for flying, climbing, and interactive play

Reptiles:

• Exercise looks different but includes adequate enclosure space, climbing opportunities, and environmental enrichment appropriate for the species

Adjusting Exercise for Age and Health

Your pet’s exercise routine should evolve over time:

• Puppies and kittens: Short, frequent play sessions with rest in between

• Adult pets: Consistent daily activity suited to energy level

• Senior pets: Low-impact, shorter sessions focused on mobility and comfort

Pets with arthritis, heart disease, obesity, or other medical conditions may need modified exercise plans. Always consult your veterinarian before starting or changing an exercise routine.

Signs Your Pet May Need More (or Less) Exercise

They may need more exercise if they:

• Gain weight easily

• Seem restless or destructive

• Have excess energy or attention-seeking behaviors

They may need less or gentler exercise if they:

• Tire quickly

• Limp, lag behind, or seem stiff after activity

• Show signs of pain or breathing difficulty

Schedule Your Pet’s Wellness Exam Today

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to pet exercise. The right amount depends on your pet’s species, age, breed, and overall health. Regular, appropriate activity not only keeps your pet physically fit but also supports mental well-being and strengthens the bond you share. 

If you’re unsure how much exercise is right for your pet or need help creating a safe, effective routine, the veterinary team at Bergen County Veterinary Center is ready to assist. Visit our office in Waldwick, New Jersey, or call (201) 205-2500 to book an appointment today.